The Psychological Impact Of Imprisonment For Two Weeks

â€Å"What happens when you put good people in an evil place? Do the people overwhelm the evil or does the evil of the situation overwhelm the good people?† Psychologist Philip Zimbardo proves throughout his research that when people are put into certain roles they feel a need to conform to that role. Everyone can harbour an evil side of their personality but it takes a certain environment or circumstance to bring it out. In a prison, will a guard abuse their power? Or will a prisoner have a mental breakdown? In the Stanford Prison Experiment, Zimbardo saw that when â€Å"normal† people are given too much power, they can transform into harsh oppressors within days. Although the main intent of the experiment was to test the psychological impact of imprisonment for two weeks, the findings from this experiment were so much more: with the guards immediate gain of power and social ranking and the prisoners humiliation and dehumanization, the experiment proved that environm ent is the main factor in the development of corruption and change in character of both guards and prisoners. Since then Philip Zimbardo has become the president of the Heroic Imagination Project. This organization provides tools and strategies to help individuals take positive action at crucial moments in their lives. Zimbardo also wrote a book on his psychological findings called The Lucifer Effect. He explains his experiment and also brings into it the abuse at Abu Ghraib and another famous study called the MilgramShow MoreRelatedThe Legend Of Colton H. Bryant By Alexandra Fuller1692 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Philip Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment. 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Design And Structure Of A Computer System - 1307 Words

464 –Software Architecture Assignment-01 B.Vivekanand Cwid: 802327106 1. Architecture: The overall design or structure of a computer system with hardware and the software required to run it. (Or) A fundamental design of computer hardware, software, or both. Importance of Architecture for software product †¢ Build to change instead of build to last †¢ Understand the end user requirements and the domain before designing project †¢ Find sub-systems in product and consider layers and components to abstract them and identify the key interfaces †¢ Use an increasing and relative approach to designing the architecture †¢ Documenting decisions and identify key risks †¢ Delivery of higher quality at a lower price †¢ Reuse of code will help to faster software development †¢ Incremental code optimization There are three reasons for developing software architecture. 1. Communication among stakeholders. Stakeholders are important for mutual understanding, discussions, agreement, and communication. 2. Consider how the application may need to change over time to address new requirements and challenges and construct a new design which is flexible. 3. Understand the key engineering decisions and the areas where mistakes are most often made. Understand in getting these key decisions right the first time so that the design is more flexible and less likely to be broken by changes. 2. A viewpoint is a collection of designs, templates, andShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Computational Design Thinking1624 Words   |  7 PagesLeach Computational Design Thinking The dominance of computational programs in the architectural career has become dominant throughout the years. It could be said that it has taken over the entire practice and that the human aspect had been taken out completely. In the book Computational Design Thinking, by Achim Menges and Sean Ahlquist this is discussed. 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Diversification - Harvard Business Review Pest Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Strategies for Diversification, Harvard Business Review? Answer: Introduction As a marketing consultant, the chosen organization is Tasty African food known well as an African restaurant in London. Tasty African food offers the diverse menu to its customers with superior quality food and services. The major goal of the business is to provide the appropriate variety, ambience, entertainment and effective staff members to develop the best approach for people in the market place. The business aims to remain the high quality food and services with respect to clients satisfaction. The vision of the business is to offer high quality and nutritious food to the customers. (Grant, 2000) Assessment of market environment SWOT The SWOT analysis of the chosen restaurant are as follows: Strengths Friendly and cooperative staff Effective schemes of training and development Proper involvement through trust and delegation Customer loyalty provided by Tasty American Foods nt systems and process Weakness Lack of new products Poor competitiveness and high amount of prices Financial issues Regular absence of staff Poor communication Opportunities There are opportunities with major features that helps in the effect of the performance such as: Competitors strengths and weaknesses Technological advancements New markets Threats Levels of unemployment Environmental laws and policies (Zapoli, 2005) Pest analysis Political factors: The government of UK creates strict rules and regulations for the food market. There are increased level of rules and regulations in the market place. Economic factors: The market is rapidly growing and it is easy to enter the market. Thus, it can do better as the price factor is important. (Ansoff, 2007) Social factors: The people in UK have busy lifestyles but they offer quick and convenient services food of African taste. Thus, people are health conscious and look for healthy and tasty foods that are offered by Tasty African foods. Technological factors: The Tasty African food plays an important role for the ongoing success in the company. Online marketing are getting done via games, promotions of new products and offers on the website. (Williams, 2010) Target market The target market of the restaurant includes the right target market of African students, entrepreneurs and adults. After successful research, the restaurant found that the restaurant could be set on customer satisfaction based on the culture. They are very selective in case of quality and they cater to different market segments that involves tourists during the summer seasons. They provide the best place and open to entertain the people from the age group of 25-45 years of age. The restaurant is not limited to African people but also attracts major parts of UK. (Jorgensen, 2003) Marketing mix The chosen marketing mix is important to meet the needs of the customers to satisfy the needs with respect to promotion, price, place etc. Products: The restaurant help to meet the needs of the customers with important aspects of function in terms of high level of performance. Ambience is highly important and the quality of food plays a better role to attract the customers. Food includes all African foods and beverages. (Mintel, 2009) Place: The restaurant is located in UK region to attract the African tourists, students, and corporates in London. The restaurant offers huge facilities to the customers and allows unique feature to develop the culture as well as tradition in the famous city called as London. The use of culture and symbol represents tasty foods with proper use of culture in the restaurant. Promotion: Promotion is the major technique to communicate with the customers. It help the customers to involve in the process of encouraging consumers to avail the offer. It includes promotion and Tasty African food uses print media, electronic mediums and road shows, public relations to promote the brand and the products. With the help of trade magazines and print mediums, the target market is accessible to seek for the products. (Lynn, 2009) Price: Company uses penetration strategy of pricing to develop the larger volumes of sales and it starts with low price offerings to the increase on prices. Porters model Porters five forces model is based on five forces such as threats of entry, supplier and buyers power, substitutes and competitors etc. The threats of entry offers new skills and to increase the market share. There are major barriers to entry such as Economies of scale Product differentiation Capital needs Access to channels of distribution and Government policies Suppliers: Suppliers can exert bargaining power on respondents in an industry by increasing prices of goods, thus, powerful suppliers can meet with the profitability in the industry. Suppliers power depends on market situation and it helps to improve the ability of the industry. The supplier can integrate the business and there could have improvements in the ability of the industry. (Porter, 2005) Buyers: Customers focuses on high quality products and services and the customer is powerful if it is focused in high volume. The buyers are likely to shop for favorable price and buyers are less price sensitive. The buyers can also seek for alternative suppliers and it might play an important role in terms of product, therefore, the buyers are likely to shop for the favorable cost and believes in selective purchases. Buyers are usually less sensitive in the industry. Substitutes: With respect to the prices, consumer switches the products and industry. The industry might suffer in terms of earnings and profits. Substitutes limit the profits in normal cases and also decreases the amount. Rivalry: Rivalry include the related restaurant besides the destination such as Duntai Ltd and Squires African restaurant in London. The company might suffer in terms of loss of clients if they offer high prices. There might have chances that the company can move to the competitors. Threats to entry: There are possibly high entry of threats with respect to the changing needs of customers and hygiene as well as healthy food. Good hospitality is important for customers and they prefer to select the health aspects. (Mason Stark, 2004) Needs and wants of customers The major needs of the customers are to focus on the healthy and hygienic food of superior quality. Customer looks for high variety of foods and soothing ambience is required to attract the customers. Innovative products and offerings are important for customers. Thus, they seek for excellent services, quality of food as well as ambience to enjoy their food and time with families or friends. (Napier, 2006) Customer needs and wants Availability of products in the Restaurant. Less waiting time for food Soothing and peace environment for food enjoyment Ambience and varieties of food offerings High quality and fresh healthy food for value (National statistics, 2010) Product / service in the organization Tasty African food offers high blend of all African cuisines from multiple parts of Africa. The menu is concentrated to have a range of varieties. This changes every six months with specials tradition. Thus, the staffs, kitchen and house staffs will be trained well in terms of food preparation and presentation. This way, it offers high quality services to the customers. They will ensure that the customers will be offered with the strong environment and best place with the comfortable and relaxing as well as appealing unique experience. Pricing strategies used for the products / services The restaurant offers multiple courses that includes fixed pricing strategy. It involves starters, deserts, African cocktail drinks etc. The restaurant is very particular about pricing and the menu varieties in terms of the experiences. The restaurant is charged very reasonably with a maximum menu price of 12 pounds. Thus, it appeals the structure of the restaurant i.e. the factors such as services that contributes to the overall experiences. (Tasty African food, 2015) In case of Tasty African food, the restaurant offers high level of opportunities for various ethnic of the restaurants and seeks for high quality food. In west and South London, there has been high opportunities to offer the good pricing schemes to the customers so that customers can select the food accordingly. The appeal and the structure of the restaurant are known to be the most important factors of consideration and adds to the overall experience of the customers. Therefore, the restaurant is deliberately priced at a mid-tier level that allows people to eat at a high quality restaurant on a lower cost. This way, consumers are happy always with the price related items and focuses on high quality food. (Reuvid Millar, 2003) Recommendations Promotion is all about communication and the Tasty African foods are lacking effective communication strategies. It should ensure proper awareness on the existence of the product as well as the positioning of the products in the minds of the customer. Television and social media plays a great role to attract millions of customers and Tasty African food uses these channels to attract the target group. Packaging is done in an appropriate manner and company also offers buy one combo offer and get the beverage drink free to sustain and create customer attraction. Therefore, there is a need to use major activities for promotion. It should be based on market strategy and budget of the company. (Barrow. et.al, 2005) The Tasty African food should split its promotion into two major types called as above the line promotion and below the line promotion. The above the line promotion will help the restaurant to promote its products and services through independent media such as advertisements on television and newspapers. This way, the Tasty African food can target the right kind of audience towards the restaurant. This will help the company to succeed in the market place for long term. It will also increase the level of customer retention. With the focus on below the line promotion, the promotional activities like direct emailing, discounts and offers schemes, money off coupons etc. will help to target the right audience. (Riley, 2015) Promotional message for communication The promotional message that could be used for communication can be formulated as a unique restaurant with superior quality and great food served in an eclectic atmosphere. With the selection of famous business publications and mediums, specific market penetration will be chosen for the entire population. The clients will also attract with the help of companys website. Therefore, Tasty African Food should try to encourage its customers with the help of media promotions and advertisements. This way, it can increase the life-span of the company through maximum advertisements. It will be able to manage the segments of customers who can enjoy high quality food and services. This will create the effective advertisement campaigns and it will use the concept of Spice of Life with the image and recognition of local press and medias along with the diverse menu. (Binks Ennew, 2007) Special events and promotions and online communities will also increase the source of marketing. Thus, the brochures should be provided to the guests to display the food prices, varieties and menu. This way, it will be able to produce high quality and well-maintained website. Online orders will also increase the maximum potential customers and their visits to the restaurant. Issues There were issues in terms of communication among staff members. Due to lack of communication, there were issues with effective implementation of marketing plan. Interviews with customers and information collected from questionnaires also were limited that limit the responses in front of the staff members. There are issues with every marketing plan and the initial expenses need to be financed in a suitable manner. The current business performs with the effective knowledge and skills of the consumers but the marketers faced challenges in terms of timeline as well. There were less time to implement the market plan. The success of any marketing plan is based on its management and implementation. It needs to be implemented carefully. Thus, it needs proper planning with forecasting. Marketer faced challenges with the bureaucratic layers in implementing the marketing plans. There were no IT based system to attain exact information on time. Thus, it should be dependent on strategic IT system. Information planned should be based on the proper planning and it should be correct. If the marketer will use contingency plans, the problems can be fixed successfully. (Collis Montgomery, 2008) Conclusion To conclude, it must say that the assignment focused on writing the report to understand the strengths, potentials, customers needs and wants etc. to start the Tasty African Food restaurant in London. Thus, the assignment specified the target group with respect to the SWOT, porters factor analysis followed with the PEST analysis to understand the impacts of the factors in the environment and the business in the market place. References Ansoff, I. H. (2007) Strategies for Diversification,Harvard Business Review, Vol. 35 (5), pp.113-124 Barrow, C., P. Barrow and Brow, R. (2005), The Business Plan Workbook (5thed), London, United Kingdom, Kogan page Binks, M.R. and Ennew, C.T. (2007) the Relationship between UK Banks and their Small Business Customers,Small Business Economics, 9(2), 167-178 Collis, D. and Montgomery, C. A. (2008) Competing on Resources,Harvard Business Review, Jul-Aug p140-150 Grant, R.M. (2000) Contemporary strategy analysis, (3rd ed.), Blackwell, Malden Jorgensen, A. S. (2003) Restaurant marketing and advertising: for just a few dollars a day, Atlantic Publishing Company, Atlanta, GA. 140pp Lynn, J. (2009) Start Your Own Restaurant Business and More: Pizzeria, Coffeehouse, Deli, Bakery, Catering Business. Entrepreneur Press, New York, USA. 256pp Mason, C., and Stark, M. (2004) what do Investors Look for in a Business Plan? A comparison of the Investment Criteria of Bankers, Ventures Capitalists and Business Angels,International Small Business Journal, 22(3), 227-248 Mintel (2009) Eating Out Meal Occasions UK September 2009,www.mintel.com, accessed: 17/02/2011. Napier, H. A. (2006) Creating a winning business, Cengage Learning, London, UK, 444pp National Statistics (2010) Region in Figures West Midlands,www.statistics.gov.uk, accessed: 17/02/10 Porter, M.E. (2005) Competitive Strategy, The Free Press, New York Reuvid, J., Millar, R. (2003) Start Run your own Business, London, United Kingdom, Kogan page Riley, J. (2015) Promotion: Introduction. Business. Tastyafricanfood.com. (2015) Tasty African: Menu. https://www.tastyafricanfood.com/food/the-menu/ Williams, S. (2010) Financial Times Guides: Business Start up 2010 (23rded), Pearson Education, Harlow Zapoli, J. R. (2005) How to succeed in the Restaurant Business: Crunching Numbers now thats the bottom line, iUniverse, New York, USA. 211pp

Marketing Principles Essay Thesis Example For Students

Marketing Principles Essay Thesis A. Definitions1. ABCABC stands for activity based costing. This is defined as a method which identifies various activities needed to provide a product and determines the cost of these activities. I would say it is a method of breaking down the process of the business’ activity down to its root components. Then the causes of profit losses can be weeded out. For example, in a warehouse setting in which I worked, there were a few major departments which included receiving, stock dept., pick/pack, and shipping department. Merchandise traveled through the warehouse along this pathway. If say, production (boxes shipped) is down, we can specify the cause using this technique. Instead of just knowing that production is down, we may learn that the receiving dock is backed up , which leads to no merchandise for the stock dept., which results in orders being held up on the flows. Management can then find the cause of the backup in receiving and go from there. 2. ADEAStands for the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, which, according to text, prohibits age discrimination and mandatory retirement. It was established in 1967. It pretty much explains itself. Basically, there cannot be a maximum age for employees, and termination can not be based solely on age. A good example of this would be a mother returning to the work force. They may be frowned upon due to their age. I have read somewhere that people over the age of forty are in a protected class, and cannot be discriminated against by virtue of the law. 3. BARSThis stands for Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale. It is defined as a rating technique that relates an employees performance to a specific job related incident. This definition doesn’t really help me. It seems that the procedure is to define certain personality traits that are essential for a certain function, then to rate the prospective employee based on a scale of these trait. For example, someone applying to be a chef would be hired on base on a number of traits, one being prior experience. A ten on the scale would be something like, â€Å"10+ years of experience in a 4 star restaurant†, while a zero would be â€Å"no experience†. The employees â€Å"worth† could be determined by a composite of all these scales. 4. COBRAStands for Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. This is defined as a policy established in 1985 which required continued health coverage (paid by employee) after job termination. This means that health insurers cannot discriminate base on a person’s employment status. An example would be a victim of a downsized company, forced to work for a company which does not provide health insurance, and so must continue their current plan. 5. E PStands for Effort yields performance, and is defined as: The degree of expectation that putting effort into a given task will lead to high performance. I would say, â€Å"Is it worth all the trouble?† For example, no matter how much effort I put into reading a first edition Crime and Punishment, written in Cyrillic figures, my performance in reading Russian will not improve in the least. However, if I put a good deal of effort in actually learning Russian from the beginning, taking a class or reading a how to book, there is a greater chance that my performance will increase. 6. EVAStands for Economic Value Added system. It is defined as a control system that measures after-tax profits minus the cost of capital invested in tangible assets. This , according to text, is intended to capture all the things a company can do to add value from its activities. I would guess that this method roots out all unnecessary assets, as can be shown by increases and decreases in this figure. If a company is buying new real estate every year, this may lead to loss of net profits, if the real estate is purchased carefully. This fact could be discovered using this method. 7.ERG TheoryDefined as a simplification of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. This theory has three levels; existence, relatedness, and growth. This is a simplification which makes this psychological theory applicable to the business world. The achievement of these needs make for a satisfied worker. A warehouse worker first want to feel safe and physically comfortable at work (existence), then would like to get along with their fellow employees (relatedness), and finally, would like to know that they are not in a dead end job. If it is 120 degrees in the warehouse, their first need is not met, and therefore no progress will be made. In a comfortable warehouse full of jerks, the worker will still have a ceiling of satisfaction. Finally, even the best environment combined with a dead-end job will make for an unhappy worker. 8. FDAFood and Drug administration, a government agency which approves the safety of food products and drugs as safe for human use. An example of their legislation is the approval of the abortion pill. Although some may believe it is immoral, the FDA still approved it. This is because they felt it was safe for consumption, which is the ethical decision. The FDA is not influenced by moral issues. 9. GATTGeneral Agreement on Tariff Trade, which basically mapped out international trade regulation. The main function is to protect the â€Å"little guy† from unfair trade practices. For example, the United States cannot hamper the chances of a third world county in the global economy, by imposing unfair tariffs, etc. This is an attempt to bride the gap between wealthy and poor nations, which evidently hasn’t accomplished much. 10. HMOStands for health maintenance organization. I couldn’t find much in the text about this one, although I know that it is the same as health insurers. Their major downfall, it seems, is that they have lost a â€Å"human touch†, which is at the root of the medical profession (Hippocratic Oath). For example, possibly an extreme example, a covered person who receives medical service could possibly not be covered because of something like forgetting to cross a â€Å"T†. All business. 11. HRHuman Resources, name for employees, or a department of a company which is responsible for recruiting, hiring, and keeping employees happy. They can implement strategies to departments for particular company goals. The functions of the HR dept. at my company which have affected me include hiring me, referring me to my department, orientation, explanation of benefits, and approval of my tuition assistance. 12. MBOManagement by objective, basically setting goals for employees as a means of management. Problems with this method of management is that it does not account for any major changes in the future. In my warehouse work, we were required to maintain a rate of 75 picks per hour. This is a decent environment for this type of management, since there is no major fluctuation in the work. It failed, however, to account that most of its employees couldn’t count to 75. How does the presentation of life journeys compare between Tita and Mikage in Laura Esquivel's Like Water for Chocolate and Banana Yoshimoto's Kitchen? Essay1. Chaos theory states that the universe is a series of random event, and that one insignificant even could have very far reaching consequences. In order to survive in a chaotic world, a species must be dynamic and adaptable. This is why lower orders of life have outlived higher orders by sometimes immeasurable amounts; their ability to adapt to a changing environment, e.g. ice ages, meteorites, etc. This type of thing can be conveyed to the mindset of a modern, successful company in today’s chaotic global environment. The strong and rigid used to be the most powerful in the stable industrial age, but now the lean, efficient, dynamic company under the new management paradigm will succeed. It’s like an old muscle car. They can beat any car in the straight drag race, but the smaller, light, better designed car will respond much more successfully to the winding, chaotic road. The reason chaos theory has influence management so greatly is because we are now in a chaotic world economy. One hundred years ago, there was no need for anything more progressive and dynamic than the old management paradigm 2. Culture shock is another result of the chaotic, globalizing economy. I have heard that if you don’t know how to bow in Japan, don’t, since it itself is a dialect, and more likely than not, you would end up insulting your host. Also, a firm handshake and eye contact are seen as a threat in Japan, although they are an essential in American culture. For the American who has learned this the hard way, they have experienced culture shock. When an American works or manages in a foreign land, they are almost always bombarded with new values of their new colleagues. It is impossible to determine what is â€Å"right†, and for now, it is essential that we adapt to the mores and ethics of these different cultures. As the global marketplace develops, I believe that all business practices will diffuse and mix with each other, and in time, form one established way of acting in a workplace setting. I could not find much about future shock, so I will wager a guess that it occurs when classically trained managers encounter the new global economy, and watch the demise of all the â€Å"truths† they hold dear, the same way an atheist would feel if she/he saw God face to face. I would also venture a guess that this occurred when the old managers, used to their power, saw their methods lose strength and validity. 3. A mission statement is defined in the text as a broadly stated definition of an organization’s basic business scope and operations that distinguishes it from similar types of organizations. This makes me think of the electronics store, â€Å"Best Buy†. I was browsing in the store when the salesman came up to me and went on to explain how he didn’t work on commission and that he would not pressure me into a high priced product.. The mission statement for that company probably stated that in order to set them apart from other electronics stores. A mission statement focuses the goals of the organization in order to be successful. Possibly methods such as ABC analysis could be used with a mission statement. The functions of the company, or lack thereof could be compared to see if they are consistent with the mission statement, assuming â€Å"success† is not being achieved. If they are, the mission must be changed, if not, the actions can be changed. It is important that the mission statement be flexible, as to â€Å"conform† to the new management paradigm. If it does not take chaos into account, it is likely that the company’s goals will not be achieved. 4. Total quality management (TQM) is defined as a management approach that focuses orgainzationwide attention on delivering total quality to customers and includes (1) employee involvement, (2) focus on the customer, (3) benchmarking, and (4) continuous improvement. This seems like another interpretation of the new management paradigm, as evident by the first part, employee involvement. TQM assumes that the input and involvement of employees is one of the main parts of providing customer satisfaction, which is the goal of any organization, chaos or not. Which leads to focus on the customer. This is a departure from the old focus on profits. In the old paradigm, profits were the measure of success. Now, as we globalize, it is more important to adapt to a variety of needs and desires of a broader base of customers. Benchmarking is setting a standard. This seems like an idea of the old paradigm, i.e. what was good enough yesterday is good enough today. This is not true, although benchmarking is vital as a measure of where not to fall below. This brings us to the fourth part, which is continuous improvement. What was good enough yesterday is NOT good enough today. This should apply to individuals as well as businesses. New benchmarks must be set for success in the chaotic atmosphere. 5. The concept of virtual corporation is the icing on the cake for ideas such as globalization and interdependence. Buy a personal computer and you will see a manifestation of a virtual corporation. 20 years ago, IBM, more or less, made the whole computer (chip, software, harware, etc.) Now when you buy, for example, a new Dell system, you may get a Sony monitor, Microsoft Keyboard, mouse, and operating system, Intel Chip, and a cannon printer. The idea is that Dell focuses on manufacturing the computers. They leave the speed of the chip and the clarity of the monitor to Intel and Sony, respectively. This results in a much more efficient corporation which isn’t â€Å"spread too thin†. It also results in a better product, and more profits for more companies, fueled by high customer satisfaction. One flaw in this type of setup is an interdependency between all of these companies. If Intel is having problems, then 99% of PC manufacturers are having them too. This is rarely the case, since each company is only concerned with the one task at hand. Virtual corporations are just another result of decentralization and more free and faster exchange of goods and ideas. BibliographyPrinciples of Marketing text, 1999Business Essays